Détail de l'auteur
Auteur UNCTAD |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur
Affiner la recherche
Titre : Admission and Establishment : Unctad Series on issues in international investment agreements Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : UNCTAD, Auteur Editeur : United Nations Année de publication : 1999 Collection : United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Importance : 60 p. Note générale : 03.02 UNC Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Accords commerciaux Tags : Commerce international Développement économique Economie mondiale Coopération internationale Index. décimale : 03.02 Accords Commerciaux Résumé : This paper analyses the legal and policy options surrounding the admission and establishment of foreign direct investment (FDI) by transnational corporations (TNCs) into host countries. This topic raises questions that are central to international investment agreements in general. In particular, the degree of control or openness that a host country might adopt in relation to the admission of FDI is a central issue. The purpose of this paper is to describe and
assess the kinds of policy options that have emerged from the process of FDI growth and host country responses thereto in national
laws and, more importantly, in bilateral, regional, plurilateral and multilateral investment agreements.
En ligne : http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/tdr2011_en.pdf Admission and Establishment : Unctad Series on issues in international investment agreements [texte imprimé] / UNCTAD, Auteur . - [S.l.] : United Nations, 1999 . - 60 p.. - (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) .
03.02 UNC
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Catégories : Accords commerciaux Tags : Commerce international Développement économique Economie mondiale Coopération internationale Index. décimale : 03.02 Accords Commerciaux Résumé : This paper analyses the legal and policy options surrounding the admission and establishment of foreign direct investment (FDI) by transnational corporations (TNCs) into host countries. This topic raises questions that are central to international investment agreements in general. In particular, the degree of control or openness that a host country might adopt in relation to the admission of FDI is a central issue. The purpose of this paper is to describe and
assess the kinds of policy options that have emerged from the process of FDI growth and host country responses thereto in national
laws and, more importantly, in bilateral, regional, plurilateral and multilateral investment agreements.
En ligne : http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/tdr2011_en.pdf Documents numériques
iteiit10v2_en.pdfAdobe Acrobat PDF
Titre : Economic development in Africa : debt sustainability, oasis or mirage? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : UNCTAD, Auteur Editeur : United Nations Année de publication : 2004 Importance : 90 p Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Afrique
Développement économiqueTags : Afrique OMD Dette Développement économique Index. décimale : 09.02 Afrique Résumé : In the context of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the international community has set itself a target of reducing poverty by half by the year 2015. Many observers have now come to the conclusion that, on present trends, there is very little likelihood that this objective can be achieved at any time close to that date in the poorer countries, including in Africa1.
The continent´s debt problems and its resource requirements are inextricably linked to the capacity of African countries to generate capital accumulation and growth. Among the policy measures that UNCTAD has advanced (UNCTAD, 1998) is the need for an independent assessment of debt sustainability in African countries by a high-level panel of experts on finance and development, selected jointly by debtors and creditors, with an undertaking by creditors to implement fully and swiftly any recommendations that might be made. While this recommendation did not find favour in the donor community, it was contended that the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPCs) Initiative, and later its enhanced version, would ensure a permanent exit solution to Africa´s debt problems. There now seems to be an emerging consensus, however, that many African countries continue to suffer from a debt overhang despite the HIPC Initiative and various actions in the context of the Paris Club. The fact that even those countries that have reached (or are about to reach) the so-called completion point will soon find themselves in an unsustainable debt situation gives credence to the arguments advanced by critics with respect to the inappropriateness of the criteria applied in the debt sustainability analysis. And the fact that several more debt-distressed African countries are not eligible for HIPC debt relief reflects the lack of objectivity in the eligibility criteria.
Debt sustainability is basically a relative concept. The questions that beg for a response are: what level of debt is sustainable for countries in which the vast majority of the population lives on under $1 a day per person? Have debt sustainability criteria been based on internationally recognized benchmarks such as those of the MDGs, or on objectively and theoretically verifiable criteria? What is the relationship between Africa´s total external debt stocks and the actual amount of debt serviced? Is complete debt write-off a moral hazard or a "moral imperative"?
The current study tries to put these and other related issues in perspective and makes a number of recommendations on how to deal with Africa´s debt overhang, either through the adoption of new approaches or a major revision and improvement of present debt relief policies.En ligne : http://unctad.org/en/pages/PublicationArchive.aspx?publicationid=48 Economic development in Africa : debt sustainability, oasis or mirage? [texte imprimé] / UNCTAD, Auteur . - [S.l.] : United Nations, 2004 . - 90 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Catégories : Afrique
Développement économiqueTags : Afrique OMD Dette Développement économique Index. décimale : 09.02 Afrique Résumé : In the context of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the international community has set itself a target of reducing poverty by half by the year 2015. Many observers have now come to the conclusion that, on present trends, there is very little likelihood that this objective can be achieved at any time close to that date in the poorer countries, including in Africa1.
The continent´s debt problems and its resource requirements are inextricably linked to the capacity of African countries to generate capital accumulation and growth. Among the policy measures that UNCTAD has advanced (UNCTAD, 1998) is the need for an independent assessment of debt sustainability in African countries by a high-level panel of experts on finance and development, selected jointly by debtors and creditors, with an undertaking by creditors to implement fully and swiftly any recommendations that might be made. While this recommendation did not find favour in the donor community, it was contended that the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPCs) Initiative, and later its enhanced version, would ensure a permanent exit solution to Africa´s debt problems. There now seems to be an emerging consensus, however, that many African countries continue to suffer from a debt overhang despite the HIPC Initiative and various actions in the context of the Paris Club. The fact that even those countries that have reached (or are about to reach) the so-called completion point will soon find themselves in an unsustainable debt situation gives credence to the arguments advanced by critics with respect to the inappropriateness of the criteria applied in the debt sustainability analysis. And the fact that several more debt-distressed African countries are not eligible for HIPC debt relief reflects the lack of objectivity in the eligibility criteria.
Debt sustainability is basically a relative concept. The questions that beg for a response are: what level of debt is sustainable for countries in which the vast majority of the population lives on under $1 a day per person? Have debt sustainability criteria been based on internationally recognized benchmarks such as those of the MDGs, or on objectively and theoretically verifiable criteria? What is the relationship between Africa´s total external debt stocks and the actual amount of debt serviced? Is complete debt write-off a moral hazard or a "moral imperative"?
The current study tries to put these and other related issues in perspective and makes a number of recommendations on how to deal with Africa´s debt overhang, either through the adoption of new approaches or a major revision and improvement of present debt relief policies.En ligne : http://unctad.org/en/pages/PublicationArchive.aspx?publicationid=48
Titre : Economic Development in Africa Report 2014 : Catalysing Investment for Transformative Growth in Africa Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : UNCTAD, Auteur Editeur : United Nations Année de publication : 2014 Importance : 110 p Langues : Anglais (eng) Tags : Afrique Développement économique Croissance économique Politique économique Investissement Résumé : Investment is a major driver of long-run growth and development. It is necessary to build productive capacities, transform the structure of economies, generate employment and reduce poverty.
Over the past decade, African countries have had relatively good economic growth performance. But average investment rates on the continent remain low relative to what is considered necessary to achieve national development goals. They are also low relative to the average rate for developing countries. These facts suggest that Africa’s recent growth may be fragile and that it is unlikely to be sustained in the medium to long term if current trends continue. The key question, then, is how can African Governments catalyse investment for sustained and transformative growth?
The Economic Development in Africa Report 2014, subtitled Catalysing Investment for Transformative Growth in Africa, addresses this issue. It underscores the need to enhance the contribution of investment to growth through boosting investment rates, improving the productivity of existing and new investments, and ensuring that investment goes to strategic and priority sectors deemed crucial for economic transformation. It also stresses the importance of strengthening linkages between local and foreign enterprises, stemming capital flight to release more resources for investment, using aid to stimulate investment and fostering international trade to boost investment. In each of these areas, the report emphasizes the need for policy coherence at the national and international levels.En ligne : http://unctad.org/en/pages/PublicationWebflyer.aspx?publicationid=944 Economic Development in Africa Report 2014 : Catalysing Investment for Transformative Growth in Africa [document électronique] / UNCTAD, Auteur . - [S.l.] : United Nations, 2014 . - 110 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Tags : Afrique Développement économique Croissance économique Politique économique Investissement Résumé : Investment is a major driver of long-run growth and development. It is necessary to build productive capacities, transform the structure of economies, generate employment and reduce poverty.
Over the past decade, African countries have had relatively good economic growth performance. But average investment rates on the continent remain low relative to what is considered necessary to achieve national development goals. They are also low relative to the average rate for developing countries. These facts suggest that Africa’s recent growth may be fragile and that it is unlikely to be sustained in the medium to long term if current trends continue. The key question, then, is how can African Governments catalyse investment for sustained and transformative growth?
The Economic Development in Africa Report 2014, subtitled Catalysing Investment for Transformative Growth in Africa, addresses this issue. It underscores the need to enhance the contribution of investment to growth through boosting investment rates, improving the productivity of existing and new investments, and ensuring that investment goes to strategic and priority sectors deemed crucial for economic transformation. It also stresses the importance of strengthening linkages between local and foreign enterprises, stemming capital flight to release more resources for investment, using aid to stimulate investment and fostering international trade to boost investment. In each of these areas, the report emphasizes the need for policy coherence at the national and international levels.En ligne : http://unctad.org/en/pages/PublicationWebflyer.aspx?publicationid=944 Documents numériques
aldcafrica2014_en.pdfAdobe Acrobat PDF
Titre : Economic Development in Africa Report 2017 : Tourism for Transformative and Inclusive Growth Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : UNCTAD, Auteur Editeur : United Nations Année de publication : 2017 Importance : 206 p Langues : Anglais (eng) Tags : Développement économique Développement social Afrique Résumé : Tourism – in terms of its contribution to gross domestic product, employment and trade – is an important sector in many African economies, and its growth is increasingly driven by tourists originating from the continent itself. However, most African countries still face significant challenges and constraints in exploiting the potential of tourism services in trade and economic development.
The Economic Development in Africa Report 2017: Tourism for Transformative and Inclusive Growth examines the role that tourism can play in Africa’s development process. It identifies the main barriers to unlocking the potential of tourism in Africa to help structurally transform the continent’s economy and provides policy recommendations on how to overcome them.
In sum, tourism can be an engine for inclusive growth and a complement to development strategies aimed at fostering economic diversification and structural transformation within an appropriate policy context.En ligne : http://unctad.org/en/pages/PublicationWebflyer.aspx?publicationid=1778 Economic Development in Africa Report 2017 : Tourism for Transformative and Inclusive Growth [document électronique] / UNCTAD, Auteur . - [S.l.] : United Nations, 2017 . - 206 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Tags : Développement économique Développement social Afrique Résumé : Tourism – in terms of its contribution to gross domestic product, employment and trade – is an important sector in many African economies, and its growth is increasingly driven by tourists originating from the continent itself. However, most African countries still face significant challenges and constraints in exploiting the potential of tourism services in trade and economic development.
The Economic Development in Africa Report 2017: Tourism for Transformative and Inclusive Growth examines the role that tourism can play in Africa’s development process. It identifies the main barriers to unlocking the potential of tourism in Africa to help structurally transform the continent’s economy and provides policy recommendations on how to overcome them.
In sum, tourism can be an engine for inclusive growth and a complement to development strategies aimed at fostering economic diversification and structural transformation within an appropriate policy context.En ligne : http://unctad.org/en/pages/PublicationWebflyer.aspx?publicationid=1778 Documents numériques
aldcafrica2017_fr.pdfAdobe Acrobat PDF
Titre : Fair and Equitable Treatment : Unctad Series on issues in international investment agreements Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : UNCTAD, Auteur Editeur : United Nations Année de publication : 1999 Collection : United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Importance : 60 p. Note générale : 03.02 UNC Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Commerce Tags : Commerce international Développement économique Economie mondiale Coopération internationale Index. décimale : 03.02 Accords Commerciaux Résumé : In recent years, the concept of fair and equitable treatment has assumed prominence in investment relations between States. While the earliest proposals that made reference to this standard of treatment for investment are contained in various multilateral efforts in the period immediately following World War II, the
bulk of the State practice incorporating the standard is to be found in bilateral investment treaties (BITs) which have become a central feature in international investment relations. In essence, the fair and equitable standard provides a yardstick by which relations between foreign direct investors
and Governments of capital-importing countries may be assessed. It also acts as a signal from capital-importing countries, for it indicates, at the very least, a State’s willingness to accommodate foreign capital on terms that take into account the interests of the investor in fairness and equity
En ligne : http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/tdr2011_en.pdf Fair and Equitable Treatment : Unctad Series on issues in international investment agreements [texte imprimé] / UNCTAD, Auteur . - [S.l.] : United Nations, 1999 . - 60 p.. - (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) .
03.02 UNC
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Catégories : Commerce Tags : Commerce international Développement économique Economie mondiale Coopération internationale Index. décimale : 03.02 Accords Commerciaux Résumé : In recent years, the concept of fair and equitable treatment has assumed prominence in investment relations between States. While the earliest proposals that made reference to this standard of treatment for investment are contained in various multilateral efforts in the period immediately following World War II, the
bulk of the State practice incorporating the standard is to be found in bilateral investment treaties (BITs) which have become a central feature in international investment relations. In essence, the fair and equitable standard provides a yardstick by which relations between foreign direct investors
and Governments of capital-importing countries may be assessed. It also acts as a signal from capital-importing countries, for it indicates, at the very least, a State’s willingness to accommodate foreign capital on terms that take into account the interests of the investor in fairness and equity
En ligne : http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/tdr2011_en.pdf Documents numériques
psiteiitd11v3.en.pdfAdobe Acrobat PDF
